Android基础——动画（三）

2016-12-10

本文介绍了Android的View动画中的旋转动画的应用及SquareLoading源码解析。

《冬夜读书示子聿》
古人学问无遗力，少壮工夫老始成。
纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。
–陆游

在前面的文章中，我们介绍了View动画、帧动画和属性动画的使用。

既然动画的基本使用我们都会了，那就从网上找一个动画来试着实现一下吧。从MaterialUp上面还真找到一个简单一点的动画：Animated Loader

乍一看还挺惊艳的，我们先来分析一下这个动画，动画中为12个方块，很简单的旋转90度的动画，我们先来实现一个方块的动画，使用GradientDrawable创建方块：

GradientDrawable gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
gradientDrawable.setColor(mSquareColor);
gradientDrawable.setSize(mSquareSize, mSquareSize);
gradientDrawable.setCornerRadius(mSquareCorner);
ImageView image = new ImageView(context);
image.setImageDrawable(gradientDrawable);

旋转中心点为左下角，旋转角度为90，持续时间为300ms，设置减速插值器，设置动画结束后延时300ms执行反转动画，同样反转动画结束后延时300ms重新开始执行动画：

RotateAnimation startAnim = new RotateAnimation(0, -90, 0, mSquareSize);
startAnim.setDuration(300);
startAnim.setFillAfter(true);
startAnim.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());
startAnim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() {
    @Override
    public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
            startReverseAnim(300);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
    }
});

RotateAnimation reverseAnim = new RotateAnimation(-90, 0, 0, mSquareSize);
reverseAnim.setDuration(300);
reverseAnim.setFillAfter(true);
reverseAnim.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());
reverseAnim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() {
    @Override
    public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
            startRotateAnim(300);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
    }
});


private void startRotateAnim(int delayMillis) {
    postDelayed(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            startRotateAnim();
        }
    }, delayMillis);
}

private void startReverseAnim(int delayMillis) {
    postDelayed(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            startReverseAnim();
        }
    }, delayMillis);
}

private void startRotateAnim() {
    image.startAnimation(startAnim);
}

private void startReverseAnim() {
    image.startAnimation(reverseAnim);
}

这样当调用startRotateAnim方法就可以看到效果了，接下来我们在上面的基础上实现12个方块的动画，上面的图片需要添加12个，我们通过继承ViewGroup自定义View实现，这里我们设置默认X的个数为4，Y的个数为3：

public class SquareLoading extends ViewGroup {
    private static final int DEFAULT_SQUARE_COLOR = Color.WHITE;
    private static final int DEFAULT_SQUARE_SIZE = 36;
    private static final int DEFAULT_SQUARE_CORNER = 8;
    private static final int DEFAULT_DIVIDER_SIZE = 8;
    private static final int DEFUALT_X_COUNT=4;
    private static final int DEFUALT_Y_COUNT=3;
    private static final int DEFAULT_FIRST_INDEX = DEFUALT_X_COUNT * (DEFUALT_Y_COUNT - 1);
    private static final int DEFAULT_LAST_INDEX = DEFUALT_X_COUNT - 1;

    ...
}

其中DEFAULT_FIRST_INDEX和DEFAULT_LAST_INDEX分别表示第一个开始动画子View的index和最后一个开始动画子View的index。例如，当x=4，y=3时，第一个开始执行开始动画的子View的index为8，最后一个执行开始动画的子View的index为3，当然，这也对应反转动画的最后一个和第一个：

一个完整的自定义View对应的属性肯定是可以配置的，比如方块的数量、大小和颜色等：

if (attrs != null) {
    TypedArray a = getContext().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SquareLoading);

    mSquareColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.SquareLoading_squareColor, DEFAULT_SQUARE_COLOR);
    mSquareSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.SquareLoading_squareSize, DEFAULT_SQUARE_SIZE);
    mSquareCorner = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.SquareLoading_squareCorner, DEFAULT_SQUARE_CORNER);
    mDividerSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.SquareLoading_dividerSize, DEFAULT_DIVIDER_SIZE);

    int xCount = a.getInteger(R.styleable.SquareLoading_xCount, DEFUALT_X_COUNT);
    int yCount = a.getInteger(R.styleable.SquareLoading_yCount, DEFUALT_Y_COUNT);
    if (xCount >= 2 && xCount <= 6) {
        mXCount = xCount;
    }
    if (yCount >= 2 && yCount <= 6) {
        mYCount = yCount;
    }
    a.recycle();

    mFirstIndex = mXCount * (mYCount - 1);
    mLastIndex = mXCount - 1;
}

添加图片之前有一个细节需要处理，因为我们是继承ViewGroup自定义的View，所以要防止用户添加其它子View：

1
2
3

if (getChildCount() > 0) {
    removeAllViews();
}

接下来根据配置的方块的个数添加子View：

for (int i = 0; i < mXCount * mYCount; i++) {
    ImageView image = new ImageView(context);
    image.setImageDrawable(gradientDrawable);
    addView(image);
}

因为每个子View都有对应的开始动画和反转动画，所以我们使用List来存储对应子View的动画，动画和只有一个方块时的区别是当第一个子View动画开始时需要延时执行下一个子View的动画，当所有子View开始动画结束后开始逆向执行反转动画，如此反复：

private List<RotateAnimation> startAnims = new ArrayList<>();
private List<RotateAnimation> reverseAnims = new ArrayList<>();

for (int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i++) {
  RotateAnimation startAnim = new RotateAnimation(0, -90, 0, mSquareSize);
  startAnim.setDuration(300);
  startAnim.setFillAfter(true);
  startAnim.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());
  final int finalI = i;
  startAnim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() {
      @Override
      public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
          if (finalI != mLastIndex) {
              int index = getNextAnimChild(true, finalI);
              int delayMillis = index > mFirstIndex ? 100 : 50;
              startRotateAnim(index , delayMillis);
          }
      }

      @Override
      public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
          if (finalI == mLastIndex) {
              startReverseAnim(mLastIndex, 300);
          }
      }

      @Override
      public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
      }
  });
  startAnims.add(startAnim);

  RotateAnimation reverseAnim = new RotateAnimation(-90, 0, 0, mSquareSize);
  reverseAnim.setDuration(300);
  reverseAnim.setFillAfter(true);
  reverseAnim.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());
  final int finalI1 = i;
  reverseAnim.setAnimationListener(new Animation.AnimationListener() {
      @Override
      public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) {
          if (finalI1 != mFirstIndex) {
              int index = getNextAnimChild(false, finalI1);
              int delayMillis = index < mXCount ? 100 : 50;
              startReverseAnim(index, delayMillis);
          }
      }

      @Override
      public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) {
          if (finalI1 == mFirstIndex) {
              startRotateAnim(mFirstIndex, 300);
          }
      }

      @Override
      public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) {
      }
  });
  reverseAnims.add(reverseAnim);
}

private void startRotateAnim(final int index) {
   if (startAnims != null && startAnims.size() > index) {
       getChildAt(index).startAnimation(startAnims.get(index));
   }
}

private void startReverseAnim(final int index) {
   if (reverseAnims != null && reverseAnims.size() > index) {
       getChildAt(index).startAnimation(reverseAnims.get(index));
   }
}

private void startRotateAnim(final int index, int delayMillis) {
   postDelayed(new Runnable() {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           startRotateAnim(index);
       }
   }, delayMillis);
}

private void startReverseAnim(final int index, int delayMillis) {
   postDelayed(new Runnable() {
       @Override
       public void run() {
           startReverseAnim(index);
       }
   }, delayMillis);
}

private int getNextAnimChild(boolean isStart, int i) {
    int index;
    if (isStart) {
        if (i < mXCount) {
            i += mFirstIndex + 1;
            return i;
        }
        index = i - mXCount;
    }else {
        if (i > mFirstIndex) {
            i -= mFirstIndex + 1;
            return i;
        }
        index = i + mXCount;
    }
    return index;

}

其中getNextAnimChild方法为获取下一个要执行动画的子View的index。

最后根据用户设置的宽高测量子View并布局：

@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
    int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
    int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
    int sizeWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
    int sizeHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
    measureChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

    int minWidth = mSquareSize * (mXCount+1) + (mXCount - 1) * mDividerSize;
    int minHeight = mSquareSize * (mYCount+1) + (mYCount - 1) * mDividerSize;

    if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST || (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && sizeWidth < minWidth)) {
        sizeWidth = minWidth;
    }
    if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST || (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY && sizeHeight < minHeight)) {
        sizeHeight = minHeight;
    }

    if (sizeHeight > minHeight) {
        mPaddingTop = (sizeHeight - minHeight) / 2;
    }
    if (sizeWidth > minWidth) {
        mPaddingLeft = (sizeWidth - minWidth) / 2;
    }

    childLayout();
    setMeasuredDimension(sizeWidth, sizeHeight);
}

private void childLayout() {
    int l, t, r, b;
    for (int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i++) {
        View child = getChildAt(i);
        l = (i % mXCount + 1) * mSquareSize + (i % mXCount) * mDividerSize + mPaddingLeft;
        t = (i / mXCount + 1) * mSquareSize + (i / mXCount) * mDividerSize + mPaddingTop;
        r = l + mSquareSize;
        b = t + mSquareSize;
        child.layout(l, t, r, b);
    }
}

最终效果：

查看完整源码：https://github.com/yuweiguocn/SquareLoading